Free Essays on CFCs

The poisoning of the Earth’s ozone layer is increasingly attracting worldwide concern for the global environment and the health effects of life on the Planet Earth. There is not just one particular cause for the ozone’s depletion; the accumulation of different pollutants into our ozone layer has all added up and equaled a worldwide problem. There is not just one effect from the poisoning of the ozone, but instead multiple ramifications from diseases to death. The damage to the ozone is increasing with every second; moreover, there are many ways we can help reduce the problem and preserve the ozone layer. Ozone is a pale blue gaseous form of oxygen, in chemical form it is also known as O3. Ozone can be beneficial or harmful depending on its location in the Earth’s atmosphere. If the ozone is located in the troposphere (which extends from the surface of the Earth up to approxiametly10 miles) it is a harmful pollutant and a major component in smog and other environm ental health problems. Such tropospheric ozone can damage plastic, rubber, plant and animal tissue. Ozone located approximately 10-25 miles above the Earth’s surface, in a part of the Earth’s atmosphere called the stratosphere is very beneficial. The ozone is a major factor that makes life possible on Earth. About 90% of the planet’s ozone is in the ozone layer. Ozone in this layer shields and filters out the Earth from 95-99 percent the sun’s ultraviolet radiation. A low level of ozone does not protect or prevent the sun’s ultraviolet rays from reaching the surface of the Earth, therefore, overexposing life on Earth causing many diseases. The depletion of the ozone is caused by many factors, but the one cause that will be elaborated on in the next paragraph is the main reason our ozone is continuously being poisoned. The major cause in the depletion of the Earth’s ozone layer is because of the release of chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosph ere. Chlorofluorocar... Free Essays on CFC's Free Essays on CFC's The poisoning of the Earth’s ozone layer is increasingly attracting worldwide concern for the global environment and the health effects of life on the Planet Earth. There is not just one particular cause for the ozone’s depletion; the accumulation of different pollutants into our ozone layer has all added up and equaled a worldwide problem. There is not just one effect from the poisoning of the ozone, but instead multiple ramifications from diseases to death. The damage to the ozone is increasing with every second; moreover, there are many ways we can help reduce the problem and preserve the ozone layer. Ozone is a pale blue gaseous form of oxygen, in chemical form it is also known as O3. Ozone can be beneficial or harmful depending on its location in the Earth’s atmosphere. If the ozone is located in the troposphere (which extends from the surface of the Earth up to approxiametly10 miles) it is a harmful pollutant and a major component in smog and other environm ental health problems. Such tropospheric ozone can damage plastic, rubber, plant and animal tissue. Ozone located approximately 10-25 miles above the Earth’s surface, in a part of the Earth’s atmosphere called the stratosphere is very beneficial. The ozone is a major factor that makes life possible on Earth. About 90% of the planet’s ozone is in the ozone layer. Ozone in this layer shields and filters out the Earth from 95-99 percent the sun’s ultraviolet radiation. A low level of ozone does not protect or prevent the sun’s ultraviolet rays from reaching the surface of the Earth, therefore, overexposing life on Earth causing many diseases. The depletion of the ozone is caused by many factors, but the one cause that will be elaborated on in the next paragraph is the main reason our ozone is continuously being poisoned. The major cause in the depletion of the Earth’s ozone layer is because of the release of chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosph ere. Chlorofluorocar...

Cognitive Dissonance Definition and Examples

Cognitive Dissonance Definition and Examples Psychologist Leon Festinger first described the theory of cognitive dissonance in 1957. According to Festinger,  cognitive dissonance  occurs when people’s thoughts and feelings are inconsistent with their behavior, which results in an uncomfortable, disharmonious feeling. Examples of such inconsistencies or dissonance could include someone who litters despite caring about the environment, someone who tells a lie despite valuing honesty, or someone who makes an extravagant purchase, but believes in frugality. Experiencing cognitive dissonance can lead people to try to reduce their feelings of discomfort - sometimes in surprising or unexpected ways. Because the experience of dissonance is so uncomfortable, people are highly motivated to try to reduce their dissonance. Festinger goes as far as to propose  that reducing dissonance is a fundamental need: a person who experiences dissonance will try to reduce this feeling in much the same way that a person who feels hungry is compelled to eat. According to psychologists, our actions are likely to produce a higher amount of dissonance if they involve the  way that we see ourselves and we subsequently have trouble justifying why our actions didn’t match our beliefs. For example, since individuals typically want to see themselves as ethical people, acting unethically would produce higher levels of dissonance. Imagine someone paid you $500 to tell a small lie to someone. The average person probably wouldn’t fault you for telling the lie- $500 is a lot of money and for most people would probably be enough to justify a relatively inconsequential lie. However, if you were paid only a couple of dollars, you might have more trouble justifying your lie, and feel less comfortable about doing so. How Cognitive Dissonance Affects Behavior In 1959, Festinger and his colleague James Carlsmith published an influential study showing that cognitive dissonance can affect behavior in unexpected ways. In this study, research participants were asked to spend an hour completing boring tasks (for example, repeatedly loading spools onto a tray). After the tasks were over, some of the participants were told that there were two versions of the study: in one (the version the participant had been in), the participant was not told anything about the study beforehand; in the other, the participant was told that the study was interesting and enjoyable. The researcher told the participant that the next study session was about to start, and that they needed someone to tell the next participant that the study would be enjoyable. They then asked the participant to tell the next participant that the study was interesting (which would have meant lying to the next participant, since the study had been designed to be boring). Some participants were offered $1 to do this, while others were offered $20 (since this study was conducted over 50 years ago, this would have been a lot of money to participants). In actuality, there was no â€Å"other version† of the study in which participants were led to believe the tasks were fun and interesting- when participants told the â€Å"other participant† that the study was fun, they were actually (unknown to them) speaking to a member of the research staff. Festinger and Carlsmith wanted to create a feeling of dissonance in participants- in this case, their belief (that lying should be avoided) is at odds with their action (they just lied to someone). After telling the lie, the crucial part of the study began. Another person (who appeared to not be part of the original study) then asked participants to report on how interesting the study actually was. Results of Festinger and Carlsmiths Study For participants who were not asked to lie, and for participants who lied in exchange for $20, they tended to report that the study indeed wasn’t very interesting. After all, participants who had told a lie for $20 felt that they could justify the lie because they were paid relatively well (in other words, receiving the large sum of money reduced their feelings of dissonance). However, participants who were only paid $1 had more trouble justifying their actions to themselves- they didn’t want to admit to themselves that they told a lie over such a small amount of money. Consequently, participants in this group ended up reducing the dissonance they felt another way- by reporting that the study had indeed been interesting. In other words, it appears that participants reduced the dissonance they felt by deciding that they hadn’t lied when they said the study was enjoyable and that they really had liked the study. Festinger and Carlsmith’s study has an important legacy: it suggests that, sometimes, when people are asked to act in a certain way, they may change their attitude to match the behavior they just engaged in. While we often think that our actions stem from our beliefs, Festinger and Carlsmith suggest that it can be the other way around: our actions can influence what we believe. Culture and Cognitive Dissonance In recent years, psychologists have pointed out that many psychology studies recruit participants from Western countries (North America and Europe) and that doing so neglects the experience of people who live in non-Western cultures. In fact, psychologists who study  cultural psychology  have found that many phenomena that were once assumed to be universal may actually be unique to Western countries. What about cognitive dissonance? Do people from non-Western cultures experience cognitive dissonance as well? Research seems to suggest that people from non-Western cultures do experience cognitive dissonance, but that the  contexts  that lead to feelings of dissonance might differ depending on cultural norms and values. For example, in a  study  conducted by Etsuko Hoshino-Browne and her colleagues, the researchers found that European Canadian participants experienced greater levels of dissonance when they made a decision for themselves, while Japanese participants were more likely to experience dissonance when they were responsible for making a decision for a friend. In other words, it seems that everyone does experience dissonance from time to time- but what causes dissonance for one person might not for someone else. Reducing Cognitive Dissonance According to  Festinger, we can work to reduce the dissonance we feel in several different ways. Changing Behavior One of the simplest ways to address dissonance is to change one’s behavior. For example,  Festinger explains  that a smoker might cope with the discrepancy between their knowledge (that smoking is bad) and their behavior (that they smoke) by quitting. Changing the Environment Sometimes people can reduce dissonance by changing things in their environment- in particular, in their social environment. For example, someone who smokes might surround themselves with other people who smoke instead of with people who have disapproving attitudes about cigarettes. In others words, people sometimes cope with feelings of dissonance by surrounding themselves in â€Å"echo chambers† where their opinions are supported and validated by others. Seeking Out New Information People can also address feelings of dissonance by processing information in a  biased way: they may look for new information that supports their current actions, and they might limit their exposure to information that would make them feel greater levels of dissonance. For example, a coffee drinker might look for research on the benefits of coffee drinking, and avoid reading studies that suggest coffee might have negative effects. Sources Festinger, Leon.  A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance.  Stanford University Press, 1957.  https://books.google.com/books?isbn0804709114Festinger, Leon, and James M. Carlsmith. â€Å"Cognitive Consequences of Forced Compliance.†Ã‚  The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology  58.2 (1959): 203-210.  http://web.mit.edu/curhan/www/docs/Articles/15341_Readings/Motivation/Festinger_Carlsmith_1959_Cognitive_consequences_of_forced_compliance.pdfFiske, Susan T., and Shelley E. Taylor.  Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture. McGraw-Hill, 2008.  https://books.google.com/books?id7qPUDAAAQBAJdqfisketaylorsocialcognitionlrGilovich, Thomas, Dacher Keltner, and Richard E. Nisbett.  Social Psychology. 1st edition, W.W. Norton Company, 2006.  https://books.google.com/books?isbn0393913236Hoshino-Browne, Etsuko, et al. â€Å"On the Cultural Guises of Cognitive Dissonance: The Case of Easterners and Westerners.†Ã‚  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology  89.3 (2 005): 294-310.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7517343_On_the_Cultural_Guises_of_Cognitive_Dissonance_The_Case_of_Easterners_and_Westerners White, Lawrence. â€Å"Is Cognitive Dissonance Universal?†.  Psychology Today Blog  (2013, Jun. 28).  https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/culture-conscious/201306/is-cognitive-dissonance-universal

Local Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Local Practices - Essay Example In addition, since time and opportunity permitted, one was able to share a traditional meal with them which would also be duly reported. As required, the following aspects were also monitored: language, family organization, reasons for being in their present locality, and traditional health remedies. Interview with African American Family Within the local neighborhood, one had the opportunity to interview a traditional African American family, particularly the grandmother who was more than willing to answer some questions about local health practices. From what has been relayed, the grandmother asserted that most of her grandchildren have exhibited tendencies of being prone to catching influenza and upper respiratory infection. Likewise, she also relayed the other common illnesses manifested among other family members (including the parents of the children) are cardiovascular or heart problem, hypertension, and diabetes. When asked what health problems she, herself, suffers, she answ ered that she is currently suffering from diabetes and hypertension. Likewise, her son, who is the head of the family, also exhibits some tendencies to be overweight or obese. One was also invited for a meal (lunch) as the grandmother with little grandchildren had a fair share of fried foods: chicken, salted pork chops and heaping serving of mashed potato. The grandmother had a side salad of green lettuce, cabbage and tomatoes with mustard; of which, the grandchildren hardly touched. During the meal, the grandmother was a generous hostess who offered everything on the table and replete with stories of yesteryears. She uses the traditional African American language of the prominent Black slang. It is funny to listen how she was able to imbibe contemporary culture’s language by listening to young African Americans within her neighborhood. She said that the whole family had been in the local neighborhood since she was a little girl. She narrated how she met her husband from the same community and thus, opted to stay put, raise her five children and now, her grandchildren in the same residential area. When asked how they address illnesses in the family, she responded by saying that for her grandchildren’s fever, coughs or flu, she gives the traditional over-the-counter drugs that she had known to use for years. When fever persists, she brings her grandchildren to the local community hospital for check-up. They said none of the family members have any health insurance coverage and thus, makes it difficult for them to rely on frequent visits to the doctor. For her hypertension and diabetes, she said that she does not take any regular medication and relies solely on some occasional boiling of herbs, which had been referred to her by friends, relatives, or neighbors. Likewise, she confessed that due to her old age, she also suffers some vision problems, maybe also due and confounded by her diabetes. However, she also disclosed that she has not consulted any physician to address her vision problems. Comparative Analysis When comparing what has been relayed by the African American grandmother who was interviewed, one is convinced that

Flash Fiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Flash Fiction - Essay Example Flash fiction Mr P was known for his combative approach in dealing with issues affecting the general public. The fact that he was approachable must be acknowledged from the onset. He was loved by all and sundry. On this fateful day, the members of parliament of his country had allegedly awarded themselves huge salaries and send off packages given that their terms in office were almost coming to an end. This did not go down well with Mr P who was known to object to the corrupt and unethical tendencies of the greedy members of parliament. He termed the move unfortunate, cruel, insensitive and highly regrettable. He then moved ahead and called the members of the public to hold a peaceful demonstration in order to express a public displeasure and dissatisfaction with the move of the law makers. It was around 4pm, barely two hours after Members of Parliament unanimously agreed to award themselves the packages, and the beautiful town of Ayoma was already thronged with crowds demonstrating. There was a lot of noise in the town. The businesses suddenly came to a standstill. Mr P was at the fore front, leading the demonstration. The crowd turned rowdy and almost unruly. The roads connecting the town to other major towns were blocked. It was not business as usual. The members of the media were all over the place covering the event. It was exactly 5 pm when a huge group of security officers were deployed to quell and calm the crowd that had become very rowdy. Gun shots were heard in the air. Tear gas and hot water was poured on the demonstrators. Mr P took the police head on, confronted them. A police officer caught him by the collar of his shirt. He fought back by giving a very hot slap on the cheek of the officer until the officer collapsed. He would later say that he did not have any intention of slapping the police officer, in fact, according to him, it is the officer that brought his cheeks closer to his hand. All in all, nobody dares the police and gets scot free. A s such, they arrested him. This worsened the already bad situation. A man of the people had been arrested by the police serving an irresponsible government. A man of the people had been put into a police vehicle, a â€Å"Black Maria† heading for the pathetic cell. The crowd could not take this lying down. Things took another turn, violence ensued. The groups engaged the police in running battles fighting for the release of their man. They used the weapons at their disposal to attack the police. Stones were coming towards the police from all directions like rain water. Containing the situation became difficult. More and more police officers were deployed to help ease the violence which had now moved from fighting with the police to looting of property from shops and other major business premises. At some point, a gunshot was heard and a sharp voice of a female reverberated through the crowd. It was the only sister of Mr P. She

Management and Hr Professional Working Essay Example for Free

Management and Hr Professional Working Essay Human Resources Profession Map The map was designed to assist HR Professionals in there career progression by describing the highest standards of professional competence that can be achieved. The Map is broken down in to three elements: Professional Areas Made up of 10 segments, these describe the areas within the HR discipline and what is required. The two core areas of the map. Strategies, Insights and Solutions This area defines that the HR person needs to have a deep understanding of the business activities, strategies and plans. The strategies created must focus on the needs of the customers and employees, and add value to the organisation. They must be aware of issues that could affect the strategy and come up with solutions to adapt it. Leading and Managing The Human Resources HR professionals need to be able to leads and manage a fit for purpose HR function, Ensuring that the function has the right capability, capacity, and organisation design, and that HR employees are fully engaged, work collaboratively to support each other, each understanding what their own role is and how it  contributes  to the overall organisation strategy. The organisation design professional ensures that the organisation is appropriately designed to deliver organisation objectives in the short and long-term and that structural change is effectively managed. Organisation Development is about ensuring the organisation has a committed, ‘fit for the future’ workforce needed to deliver its strategic ambition. It plays a vital part in ensuring that the organisation culture, values and environment support and enhance organisation performance and adaptability. Provides insight and leadership on development and execution of any capability, cultural and change activities. Resourcing and Talent Planning The HR professional working in this area ensures that the organisation is able to identify and attract key people with the capability to create competitive advantage and that it actively manages an appropriate balance of resource to meet changing needs, fulfilling the short and long-term ambitions of the organisation strategy. Learning and Talent Development HR professional working in this area ensures that people at all levels of the organisation possess and develop the skills, knowledge and experiences to fulfill the short and long-term ambitions of the organisation and that they are motivated to learn, grow and perform. Performance and reward HR professional working in this area builds a high-performance culture by delivering programmes that recognise and reward critical skills, capabilities, experience and performance, and ensures that reward systems are market-based, equitable and cost-effective. Employee engagement In the context of organisation objectives, the HR professional working in this area ensures that in all aspects of the employment experience – the emotional connection that all employees have with their work, colleagues and to their organisation (in particular line manager relationship) is positive and understood, and that it delivers greater discretionary effort in their work and the way they relate to their organisation. Employee relation Working in this area of HR ensures that the relationship between an organisation and its staff is managed appropriately within a clear and transparent framework underpinned by organisation practices and policies and ultimately by relevant employment law. Service delivery and information Ensures that the delivery of human resources service and information to leaders, managers and staff within the organisation is accurate, efficient, timely and cost effective and that humane resources data is managed professionally. The Eight Behaviours There are eight behaviours which describe how HR people should carry out their activities. 1 Curious 2 Decisive thinker 3 Skilled influencer 4 Driven to deliver 5 Collaborative 6 Personally credible 7 Courage to challenge 8 Role model

Equal Rights for All Essay -- Gay Marriage Homosexuality Essays

Equal Rights for All Gay marriage has always been a subject of great controversy. Andrew Sullivan addresses this issue in his persuasive essay entitled â€Å"Let Gays Marry.† Sullivan’s essay appeared in Newsweek in June of 1996. Through his problem/solution structure of this essay, Sullivan uses rhetorical appeals to try and persuade the audience to accept gay marriage as a natural part of life. Sullivan, an editor of The New Republic, also wrote Virtually Normal: An Argument about Homosexuality (26). Andrew Sullivan, who is openly gay himself, is a devout Catholic who has spent his life researching subjects involving the gay community. His articles are simply ways for him to show his feelings to the general public. His audience for â€Å"Let Gays Marry† is the general public, but could be more specifically written for gays who are too scared to stand up for the rights for gays to marry. He may have written this essay to inform the public how gays feel about the issue of marriage, but also to encourage gays to stand up for their rights as Americans. â€Å"Let Gays Marry† is structured in a problem/solution format. Sullivan takes the issue of gays not being able to legally marry and offers a solution to the people of America. He addresses the issue that gays are not treated the same as other Americans in the issue of marriage and proposes that same-sex marriages become legal in order to solve this problem (26). Sullivan also knows that Americans believe that having same sex marriages would be against religious values (26). He then explains that gays don’t want to change anyone else’s beliefs, but simply want to live happily like other married couples in the United States (26). The last issue addres... ...rica changed (26). Marriage has come a long way within the last century and should continue to modernize along with the people of America. Andrew Sullivan uses many strategies to try to fully inform his audience of the rights of the gay community. Sullivan uses rhetorical appeals to persuade his audience to see his view of same-sex marriages. Sullivan successfully shows his side of the argument and confronts faults that others may see with his views. Using his problem/solution format, Sullivan resolves the problems that many Americans assume would accompany the legalization of same-sex marriages. Through his essay, Sullivan hopes to show to the general public that legalizing gay marriage is a natural step that must be taken in order to support the growth of America. Works Cited Sullivan, Andrew. â€Å"Let Gays Marry.† Newsweek 3 June 1996: 26.

Gaelic football Essay

My chosen sport is Gaelic football and my local club is called Roger Casements GAC which is situated in the medium sized town of Portglenone. The club was founded in 1940. It is a GAA club with the aim â€Å"The GAA is a community based volunteer organisation promoting Gaelic Games, culture and lifelong participation† (www.gaa.ie). There are 9 teams in my club ranging from under 6 years to seniors, with 20 -25 players on each panel. The club is organised by an elected committee comprising 12 people and assisted by the backroom team for the organisation and management of the teams. The club is the pride of the community with many paying members, 300 in total. The Antrim county board organises fixtures for senior players whereas the southwest Antrim board organises matches at juvenile levels. Development from Grass Roots to Elite: Grass Roots – The lowest level in Roger Casements is the under 6 team which trains weekly and play small scale friendly matches against other local teams. Skill development is the main focus at this young age. Schools – The secondary schools in the area also support the development of young players. Local schools such as St. Louis and St. Mary’s have a high reputation of producing successful Gaelic teams. The standard of competition increases progressively through the age groups as players have access a higher level of coaching and better training facilities. Club – Players progress through the age-groups until they reach senior level, the pinnacle of club football where they compete in the county championship and the county league with the aim of becoming All- County champions. Elite – The elite level for a Gaelic player is the senior county level i.e. elite. To play for one’s county is a great achievement. Regional Development Squad Under age players Senior County player Majority of club players and School Finances of the club: The club raises finances in a number of ways; The weekly club lotto. Advertising panels around the pitch to attract the capital of local businesses. Sponsorship by local businesses in return for the name and logo being featured on the team jersey. Additional social events at the pavilion such as a fancy dress Halloween ball, the X-factor, Golf days and Tribute Acts. Gate receipts from matches. Members pay an annual fee of twenty pounds which includes insurance for the players.. The Lottery funding project is supporting Casements Gac in the provision of new facilities as are the Antrim county board. Facilities: The club benefits from the use of private facilities, bought and paid for over fifty years. It owns its own land consisting of one pitch and high quality changing rooms. Casements also own a club pavilion with a bar and indoor hall which is available to the general public. There is also a local Gaelic pitch owned by the district council which helps the club avail of the use of limited public sector facilities. Local schools, colleges and clubs: The local schools genuinely get on well with each other and allow their facilities to be used for community use. We train in our own pitch, a community pitch or the school pitch. Casements facilities are largely open for community use and other teams may book them by request. Gaelic football is now a major sport with schools as it is taught on the curriculum. The local primary school encourages young children to join Casements to develop their game. Post-primary schools help to further develop a player and work well with my club in organising facilities and training. Club Schemes: The club runs many GAA accredited schemes such as the mini 7’s, Cà ºl Camp and internal club award schemes. The club has a prize giving ceremony every year in which the â€Å"player of the year† and â€Å"most improved† awards are presented. The club also runs a Cà ºl camp to develop the ‘FUNdamental’ skills of the younger players with the emphasis on fun as well as skill (www.rogercasementsgac.com). The club within the voluntary sector as it is run and financed by volunteers. The GAA is a voluntary organisation where managers and players volunteer to take part. Officials are paid a small sum to encourage officiating and as there are small numbers. Disabled Members: Unfortunately, locally there are no GAA activities for the disabled. However proper access is availoable and everyone is made to feel part of the community. Disabled members also have the chance to manage and help to develop young players. Gender issues: The club caters for men’s Gaelic football and ladies camogie at all ages. Unfortunately there is a gender bias within the GAA as a whole as women aren’t allowed to compete with the males. Casements doesn’t cater for a men’s hurling team or a women’s Gaelic team. Lack of numbers is a major influence. I can safely link my role as a leader and performer at my local club. It has clearly developed me as a performer from a young age and this has given me the characteristics and qualities necessary to be a leader. There are also opportunities to become involved in coaching and officiating from a young age e.g. young whistlers and coaching foundation course where there are regular classes in local areas. These are run by the Ulster Council and are generally free to members of the GAA. Critique: Sourcing my information for this study was relatively easy due to the varied supply of information. What I did find less pleasing was the fact that there aren’t any real efforts currently being made within the GAA to adapt the game for people with disabilities, unlike some other sports. This is an area for potential development by the GAA. Female participation is well established in the county and indeed in Ireland but unfortunately, in my club, there aren’t sufficient numbers interested to warrant a team. There are few local public sector facilities available which limit the clubs use of these e.g. leisure centres and gyms. Bibliography: www.rogercasementsgac.com www.antrim.gaa.ie www.gaa.ie Roger Casements GAC-A history of 60 years www.google.co.uk/images

Fitzgerald’s use of diction in The Great Gatsby Essay

The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, uses a specific choice of words along with selection of detail to develop the characters of Tom Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson. This essay will cite specific examples that correspond to Fitzgerald’s use of diction and details. Although this passage does not emphasize on Tom Buchanan, his character is developed through the use of literary techniques. Tom’s character speaks three times during the course of this scene, and all three times his words make him sound as if he is superior to everyone. † ‘It’s a bitch,’ said Tom decisively. ‘Here’s your money. Go and buy ten more dogs with it.’ â€Å"(Page 28) In this quote, diction and a specific choice of words is apparent through the use of the word ‘decisively.’ Using this word creates the feeling that Tom is authoritative and commanding. This citation also serves as an example of Tom’s mannerisms throughout the novel. He speaks to an elderly person with contempt by telling him that he is wrong and that he should buy ten more dogs with the money he gives him. A parallel can also be drawn between Myrtle and the dog in that he looks at the dog in the same degree of importance as Myrtle. Tom’s lack of patience can also be seen in his retort to the old man’s answer. Another citation, which serves to magnify Tom’s superiority over others in the novel, is when Nick tries to leave Tom and Myrtle. â€Å"No you don’t,† Tom interposed quickly. â€Å"Myrtle’ll be hurt if you don’t come up to the apartment. Won’t you, Myrtle?† (Page 28) Yet again, this citation serves to demonstrate Tom’s commanding personality. More specifically, he answers for Myrtle as if she couldn’t have answered herself. As a result of Fitzgerald’s effectual use of diction and word choice, the passage is able to effectively develop Tom’s character. Tom’s domineering and forceful persona is further enhanced in this passage through the demonstration of his gestures and dialogue. Although Tom does not play a major role in the selected passage, his persona is greatly shaped through the author’s use of language. Much of this chapter is dedicated to the augmentation of Myrtle’s character. The author uses imagery, dialogue, and diction to create her personality. The use of imagery is seen in the beginning of the passage: â€Å"She had changed her dress to a brown figured muslin, which stretched tight over her rather wide hips†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Page 26) Myrtle’s actions also have a lot to say about her character. An example was when she â€Å"let four taxicabs drive away before she selected a new one.† (Page 27) This type of behavior serves to contrast her true lifestyle of being married to a poor and hard working garage man. â€Å"Is it a boy or a girl?† she asked delicately. (Page 28) This citation from the passage builds onto Myrtle’s sensitive side. It also shows that she cares about the unimportant sides to life and is very materialistic. â€Å"Mrs. Wilson gathered up her dog and other purchases, and went haughtily in.† (Page 28) This quote, along with many others made in this selection make great use of adverbs to create the character of Mrs. Wilson. The use of the word ‘haughtily’ adds to the arrogant character that she displays. This again contrasts her true lifestyle and emphasizes her dual personality. Other adverbs that were used in this passage to characterize Myrtle were: eagerly, enthusiastically, delicately, and earnestly. All of these adverbs in one sense or another characterize Mrs. Wilson’s actions and character. Accordingly, the author’s language uses imagery, adverbs, and actions that create her arrogant and contrasting personality. In conclusion, F. Scott Fitzgerald effectively employed diction and selection of detail to develop the characters of Tom Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson. He did this by using various literary techniques and parts of speech to emphasize the character’s personality. For example, he uses imagery, irony, adverbs, dialogue, actions, adjectives, and mannerisms to bring out the arrogance of Myrtle and indifference of Tom Buchanan. Thus, the author properly uses diction and selection of detail to serve the purpose of developing the characters of Mrs. Wilson and Tom Buchanan.

Rule of Thumb

Rule of Thumb Rule of Thumb Rule of Thumb By Maeve Maddox Reader Cynthia Turney  asks Do you know where the phrase rule of thumb came from? This is a figurative expression that means a general guideline that has a broad application, but which is not strictly accurate in every case. I hope that by now everyone knows that this expression does not come from an ancient law limiting the circumference of the stick a man could use to beat his wife. The expression originates from some forgotten literal context in which a craftsman or farmer used his thumb (about an inch) as a unit of measurement. The word rule in this expression does not mean principle or maxim as in Roberts Rules of Order. It has more to do with ruler, meaning something to measure with or a strip used for making straight lines. Body parts have long been used as units of measurement. See the DWT post Body Parts As Tools of Measurement. This Wikipedia article on rule of thumb will tell you all you can want to know about the expressions false etymology. (There used to be an article on this expression at Snopes.com, but I couldnt find it last time I looked.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withWriting the CenturyHonorary vs. Honourary

Essay on Homosexual Relationships

Essay on Homosexual Relationships Essay on Homosexual Relationships Homosexual relationships are romantic connections between two people of the same gender. These connections cover all cases of gays and lesbians. These relationships are not based on the willingness to procreate or nature moral values, but rather on the desire to fulfill the passions of the persons involved. Through the forums supported by human rights groups, many homosexuals have come in the limelight demanding legal recognition for their sexual orientations. James Skillen is one of such activists. He observes that governments should play passive roles when it comes to the issues of marriage. Instead, Skillen suggests that the government should learn to accommodate the â€Å"constantly changing definition of marriage† to make provisions for homosexual marriages (Skillen, 1). A similar observation was made by Ellie Schaack in his article â€Å"Gay Marriage is a Right†. Schaack points out that the right to marry is explicit and dependent on one’s unique attributes (Schaack, 1). Unfortunately, many countries are continually legalizing homosexuality. For instance, a US court was reported to have delivered a judgment forcing the federal government to amend laws to recognize gay marriages (Hurley, 2). Sexual desires should be used to set up family units under which social values and cultural norms get passed from one generation to another. The future of any society depends on the ability of the current generation to procreate and sustain values traditionally associated with that society. Family is the fundamental unit of the society and is, therefore, important for the formation of the society. Sex should serve as a tool for sustaining romantic relationships that result from marriage and formation of the family. Homosexuality does not reflect social welfare, but rather individualism. Instead of introducing legal provisions to promote homosexuality, the society should seek to help those in the practice so that they can relate to their healthy sexual desires. This is possible through medicine and psychological treatment.

Capacitors in series and parallel ((lab- report )) Coursework

Capacitors in series and parallel ((lab- report )) - Coursework Example During the experiment, the series connection started followed by the parallel connections. At every stage, data collected assisted in computations. The experiment involved the use of voltmeter to measure the voltage drops, a capacitance meter to measure the capacitance and calculations to tabulate data obtained. Series circuit produces the equivalent energy of 0.00031 joules while parallel produces the equivalent energy of 0.00372 joules. Parallel circuits provide more stored energy, thus is the best method to connect capacitors. The experiment derives a capacitance of 5.41 microfarad from the series connection and 68.7microfarad from the parallel connection. This is done by a voltage supply of 10 volts when measured the voltage is 10.42 volts on the series connection and 10.31 volts after parallel connection. This helps determine the amount of average charge in both series and parallel circuits as the series circuit has an average charge of 56.37Â µC, and the parallel has an average charge of 708.297 Â µC. The series circuit has the lowest voltage drop of 1.56volts while the parallel circuit has the lowest charge at 97.95 Â µC. The capacitors in series circuits produce an equivalent capacitance of the sum of the reciprocals of the capacitance of each capacitor. This in turn reduces the amount of energy stored in the capacitors. Parallel circuits produce and equivalent capacitance equal to the sum of the individual capacitance of each capacitor in the circuit. This makes the amount of energy stored in the circuit be more. The series obeys Kirchoff’s Voltage Law that implies the total voltage equivalent to the sum of all the voltage drops within a circuit Swain (2008). From the experiment, I learned that capacitors play a significant role in storing energy in an electric field thus ensuring a steady flow of energy. To store more energy in capacitors, one needs to use the parallel circuit. In application,